You Can’t Own Ideas: Essays on Intellectual Property

Preface

This is a collection of my previously-published writings on the topic of intellectual property (IP), which cover the range of my thought on this topic, from 1995–2023. This is a skeletal e-book, containing links to the relevant material.¹

The contents, arranged in “chapters,” are listed below in the recommended reading order, with an initial preface. I have also printed to PDF all the chapters and combined them in one file here for those who prefer that format (PDF).

Cite as: Stephan Kinsella, You Can’t Own Ideas: Essays on Intellectual Property (Houston, Texas: Papinian Press, 2023; www.stephankinsella.com/own-ideas)

My first major piece on this issue was Against Intellectual Property (AIP), first published 2001 (not included here). In the intervening 22 years, I’ve given many talks, responded to many objections and questions, and written other articles and blog posts on this issue, all linked at c4sif.org/aip. This collection draws on these pieces.

After some introductory and earlier pieces in “Part I. Beginnings” and “Part II. Summary Presentations,” I include some lengthier articles in “Part III. Main Theory,” beginning with “Law and Intellectual Property in a Stateless Society,”² a more recent and streamlined and somewhat updated version of the argument presented in AIP; and “Against Intellectual Property After Twenty Years: Looking Back and Looking Forward.” This latter piece contains an overview of the debate on IP in the 20+ years since AIP was published, and summarizes additional arguments and changes or supplements I would make to AIP if rewriting it now, or if writing a new book from scratch on this topic.³ Together, these two chapters provide a good and fairly comprehensive overview of my current IP views and arguments. These chapters are based on those that appear in Legal Foundations of a Free Society (LFFS; Papinian Press, 2023). Several other chapters included here are also drawn from LFFS.

The remaining chapters include other articles, interviews, transcripts, and blog posts.

For those who want to skip the more extraneous material and focus on the core argument against IP, I recommend chapters 4, 6, and 7. Chapter 4 is a summary of the case against IP, chapter 6 a streamlined update of my original AIP, and chapter 7 a summary of arguments developed since AIP.

Note: I do not plan to publish this as a paper book anytime soon, or ever, but as the content is all CC0 anyone else is free to do so.

Contents

Part I. Beginnings

This Part includes some of my earlier and summary pieces on IP. They are not all as fleshed out or as direct and explicit as my later pieces, but they show how I began to approach this topic.

1. Letter on Intellectual Property Rights (1995).⁴ My first tentative foray into expressing skepticism about IP law in print. I was a new patent attorney working in a large law firm at the time and concerned about alienating clients and the firm, so I tried not to be too direct about my skepticism about IP. It turns out, no one cared, and in fact my anti-IP writing garnered me clients.⁵
2. Is Intellectual Property Legitimate? (1998). First published in the Pennsylvania Bar Association Intellectual Property Newsletter and later republished in the Federalist Society’s Intellectual Property Practice Group Newsletter.⁶ The Federalist society leans pro-IP, but over the years has nonetheless hosted me presenting my anti-IP perspective.⁷
3. In Defense of Napster and Against the Second Homesteading Rule (2000).⁸ This was a more condensed version of the argument presented the next year in AIP. It’s a summary, like those in the next section, but I included it here since it was one of my earlier pieces.

Part II. Summary Presentations

4. Intellectual Property and Libertarianism (2009).⁹ As my Napster article (ch. 3) is a summary version of the more lengthy argument laid out in AIP, this chapter is a summary version of my later-presented case against IP (elaborated on more fully in ch. 6). This piece was first published (without endnotes) in Liberty; the version on Mises Daily, with endnotes, is preferable.¹⁰
5. Ideas are Free: The Case Against Intellectual Property: or, How Libertarians Went Wrong (2010).¹¹ Another summary argument against IP. This article is based on a transcript of a speech I delivered at the Fifth Annual Meeting of the Property and Freedom Society.¹²

Part III. Main Theory

As noted in the Preface, Chapters 6 and 7 below together provide a good and fairly comprehensive overview of my current IP views and arguments. Those interested in inquiring further may see AIP, although most of those arguments are present and restated in Chapters 6 and 7. As indicated, chaps. 6 and 7 can be read instead of and as an update to AIP. For those who want to read the original AIP, I recommend instead “The Case Against Intellectual Property” as it omits some material very few need to read, such as the examples in the Appendix and the lengthy bibliography.¹³

6. Law and Intellectual Property in a Stateless Society (2010).¹⁴ This article, originally intended for a symposium issue of the Griffith Law Review but withdrawn because of a dispute with the editors, was originally published in my journal Libertarian Papers in 2013. It was the most comprehensive article I’d written on IP since AIP.¹⁵
   ·
   The structure of the article is similar to the more concise “Intellectual Property and Libertarianism” (ch. 4). The title is slightly misleading because the article was really about why IP is unjust, and had little to do with anarchy or stateless societies; the title and the slight emphasis on stateless societies in the text was intended to make the article fit the theme of the symposium issue it was intended for, which was “Law and Anarchy: Legal Order and the Idea of a Stateless Society.” I’ve chosen to retain the original title.
   ·
   This chapter incorporates much of the material from AIP and includes some additional material that I had published the intervening decade or so. The following piece (ch. 7), contains additional arguments developed subsequently and complements this work and AIP.
7. Against Intellectual Property After Twenty Years: Looking Back and Looking Forward (2023), first published in LFFS. This chapter provides a perspective on the IP debates amongst libertarians since AIP was first published in 2001, and provides an overview of newer arguments about IP that I’ve made in the twenty-plus years since the publication of AIP. It also discusses changes I would make to the original arguments presented in AIP. This chapter complements ch. 6 above, which itself was originally published about a decade after AIP.
8. Goods, Scarce and Nonscarce” (with Jeffrey A. Tucker; 2010).¹⁶ This article emerged out of many discussions Tucker and I had about intellectual property and our respective writings on this topic.¹⁷
9. Selling Does Not Imply Ownership, and Vice-Versa: A Dissection (2022).¹⁸ I delivered a speech with the same name as this chapter at the Property and Freedom Society’s 16^th Annual Meeting, in Bodrum, Turkey, in 2022.¹⁹ This chapter helps to expand on and clarify some issues touched on in the previous chapters. It takes aim, in part, at some of Walter Block’s views on voluntary slavery and body-alienability, a topic we’ve disagreed about for a long time.²⁰ Since Walter prefers to respond to published articles, I published the transcript of this speech as an article. The transcript was lightly edited for clarity and to add some references and links, but the colloquial and informal tone has largely been preserved, and some headings added. I published it on my old, mostly defunct site The Libertarian Standard, to which Walter responded in due course.²¹ This chapter is a revised version of that article.²²

Part IV. Elaborations and Applications

10. Introduction to Origitent (2018).²³ Libertarian sci-fi author J. Neil Schulman, an old friend, and I agreed on most political matters, except for IP, over which we’d had a decades-long disagreement.²⁴ Neil modified his theory over time, moving from “logorights” to “media-carried property,” and eventually published Origitent: Why Original Content is Property in 2018, which included debates and discussions with IP abolitionists Wendy McElroy, Sam Konkin III, and me, and including my Introduction. I have updated my Introduction, and retained the somewhat breezy and informal style.
11. Conversation with Schulman about Logorights and Media-Carried Property (2018).²⁵ This chapter based on an edited transcript of a conversation between libertarian sci-fi author J. Neil Schulman and me,²⁶ which was included in his book Origitent, in addition to my introduction (ch. 10).
12. Intellectual Freedom and Learning Versus Patent and Copyright (2011).²⁷ In this chapter, I emphasize the importance of the accumulation of technological knowledge—Hayek’s “fund of experience”—for human prosperity, and how the patent system impedes this. I summarize this also in ch. 7, Part IV.E.
13. Defamation Law and Reputation Rights as a Type of Intellectual Property (forthcoming 2024).²⁸

Part V. History

14. The Origins of Libertarian IP Abolitionism (2011).²⁹ All hail Benjamin Tucker, Sam Konkin, and Wendy McElroy!
15. The Four Historical Phases of IP Abolitionism (2011).³⁰ Let’s go ahead and get to phase five.
16. Classical Liberals and Anarchists on Intellectual Property (2015).³¹ Rounding them up. The good, the bad, the ugly.³²

Part VI. Empirics and Reform

17. There’s No Such Thing as a Free Patent (2005).³³ In this article I pointed out that utilitarian justifications of IP have to take the costs of IP law into account, but they never do (and can’t).³⁴
18. Radical Patent Reform Is Not on the Way (2009).³⁵ Patent defenders like to argue that the system is under assault. It’s their way of framing their Overton window and blocking any meaningful reform. I point out here that the patent system is in no danger of any significant reform (unfortunately). And that’s how they like it.
19. Reducing the Cost of IP Law (2010).³⁶ People say IP abolition is impossible and they criticize me for not suggesting more moderate reforms that could improve the system. Here I offer some suggestions for reform, short of abolition. Of course, these reforms would all be opposed tooth and nail by the IP parasites, so these suggestions are about as impractical as abolition, but hey, they asked.³⁷
20. The Overwhelming Empirical Case Against Patent and Copyright (2012).³⁸ Not the official narrative. See also Part III.A, “Utilitarianism,” in “Law and Intellectual Property in a Stateless Society” (ch. 6, above).
21. Legal Scholars: Thumbs Down on Patent and Copyright (2012).³⁹ Even law professors manage to get a few things right, on occasion.
22. The Patent, Copyright, Trademark, and Trade Secret Horror Files (2010).⁴⁰ I started to collect various anecdotes of outrageous results due to IP law, but gave up updating it regularly since it would be duplicative and impossible to keep up with.

Part VII. Shorter Pieces

23. Absurd Arguments for IP (2010).⁴¹ All arguments for IP are flawed or dishonest, but here are choice few especially ridiculous ones. See also ch. 32, below.
24. Independent Institute on The ‘Benefits’ of Intellectual Property Protection (2016).⁴² With friends like these … Why are almost all libertarian groups weak on the IP issue, other than the Mises Institute?⁴³
25. “Oh yeah? How would like it if I copy and publish your book under my name?!”: On IP Hypocrisy and Calling the Smartasses’ Bluffs (2013).⁴⁴ Calling their bluff.⁴⁵
26. Intellectual Property Rights as Negative Servitudes (2011).⁴⁶ The real problem with patent and copyright law. Also discussed in ch. 7, Part IV.B.
27. Intellectual Property and the Structure of Human Action (2010).⁴⁷ Deeep. The real real problem with IP. Also discussed in ch. 7, Part IV.E.
28. Rothbard on the Main Fallacy of our Time: Marx’s Labor Theory of Value (2016).⁴⁸ Sic ’em, Murray. See also “Locke’s Big Mistake” (ch. 31).

Part VIII. Transcripts and Interviews

29. On the Logic of Libertarianism and Why Intellectual Property Doesn’t Exist (2012).⁴⁹ This was an interview by Anthony Wile. I would not word the title this way—the problem with IP is not that it doesn’t “exist” but rather that IP law is unjust. But I didn’t choose the title, and have not changed it here. This has been revised for LFFS.
30. A Libertarian’s Case Against Intellectual Property (2018).⁵⁰ This is a transcript (unedited) of a speech I delivered at the Federalist Society chapter at University of Berkeley-California. It was well-organized and there was a perceptive and interesting critical commentary by Professor Talha Syed.
31. Locke’s Big Mistake: How the Labor Theory of Property Ruined Political Theory (2013).⁵¹ Blame it all on Locke. And Rand. This is a lightly-edited transcript of a talk I delivered at the “Liberty in the Pines” conference at Stephen F. Austin State University, in Nacogdoches, Texas.⁵² This topic is also addressed in ch. 6, Part III.B and ch. 7, Part IV.C. See also “Rothbard on the Main Fallacy of our Time: Marx’s Labor Theory of Value,” ch. 28.
32. Intellectual Nonsense: Fallacious Arguments for IP (2012).⁵³ This is a transcript of a talk I delivered at Libertopia in 2012, and the followup Part 2 (transcript) which I recorded afterwards.⁵⁴ See also ch. 23, above.
33. Soho Forum Debate vs. Richard Epstein: Patent and Copyright Law Should Be Abolished (2021).⁵⁵ This is a transcript of my debate with Richard Epstein on IP law at the Soho Forum in Manhattan on November 15, 2021, moderated by Gene Epstein. I defended the resolution “all patent and copyright law should be abolished” and Professor Epstein opposed it. Oxford debate rules applied which meant that whoever changed the most minds won. My side went from about 20 to 29 percentage points, gaining about 9; Richard went from about 44 to 55%, gaining about 11, so he won by 1.7 percentage points. Well, I tried.⁵⁶
34. ESEADE Lecture: Should We Release Patents on Vaccines?, including: An Overview of Libertarian Property Rights and the Case Against IP (2021).⁵⁷ This is a transcript of a webinar I did for an Argentinian audience for ESEADE May 26, 2021. The topic was formally “Should We Release Patents on Vaccines” (“¿Hay que liberar las patentes sobre las vacunas?“). In this talk, I briefly provide an overview of the nature of property rights and the principled case against IP, then apply it to vaccines, and took questions from the audience.
35. Adam Smith Forum (Moscow): Why Intellectual Property is not Genuine Property (2011).⁵⁸ A transcript of speech delivered (remotely) at 3^rd Adam Smith Forum, Moscow, Russia. As I noted in a previous post, this event was held Nov. 12, 2011 in Moscow. It was organized by the Center for the Philosophy of Freedom, the Libertarian Party of Russia, and others. The Chairman of the ASF Steering Committee was economist Pavel Usanov, head of the Hayek Institute for Economy and Law, and Andrey Shal’nev, head of the federal committee of the Libertarian Party of Russia, was its co-chairman. I was invited to speak but could not attend in person, so my 47-minute speech “Why Intellectual Property is not Genuine Property” was presented remotely, with Russian subtitles.

Part IX. Final Thoughts

36. Do Business Without Intellectual Property (Liberty.me, 2014).⁵⁹ At the encouragement of Jeff Tucker when he was with Liberty.me, I put together this little booklet explaining how businessmen can avoid or reduce their dependence on IP in an IP-riddled world.
37. Examples of Ways Content Creators Can Profit Without Intellectual Property (2010).⁶⁰
38. The Death Throes of Pro-IP Libertarianism (2010).⁶¹ The revolution is still in progress. First we convert all the libertarians, and then the other 99.9%.⁶²

Appendix: Further Reading

• For critiques by IP by others from a libertarian or free market point of view, see Kinsella, ed., The Anti-IP Reader: Free Market Critiques of Intellectual Property (Papinian Press, 2023).
• “Rethinking Intellectual Property: History, Theory, and Economics” (Mises Academy course, 2011).⁶³ If you want a deep dive, this six-lecture Mises Academy course is for you. See also the introduction to this course: “Rethinking IP,” Mises Daily (Feb. 10, 2011).
• Kinsella, Introduction to Against Intellectual Property (Laissez Faire Books, 2012) (files linked above)
• ——, “The Case Against IP: A Concise Guide,” C4SIF Blog (Sep. 4, 2009)
• ——, “A Selection of my Best Articles and Speeches on IP,” C4SIF Blog (Nov. 30, 2015)
• For other articles and blog posts, see the AIP Supplementary Material linked at www.c4sif.org/aip; the Resources page at www.c4sif.org/resources.

Endnotes

1. Thanks to Jeff Tucker for the title suggestion. [↩]
2. Stephan Kinsella, “Law and Intellectual Property in a Stateless Society,” Libertarian Papers in 2013, 5, no. 1 (2013): 1–44. [↩]
3. Which I may do someday, in a book tentatively to be entitled Copy This Book: The Case for Abolishing Intellectual Property. [↩]
4. IOS Journal 5, no. 2 (June 1995): 12–13. [↩]
5. In another article for an engineering journal in 1995, I also tried to delicately introduce a note of IP skepticism without being too explicit about it, by noting that there is debate about the justifiability of the patent system. See Kinsella, “Patent Law Basics and Recent Developments,” The Bent of Tau Beta Pi 86, no. 2 (Spring 1995): 14–17, p. 14. [↩]
6. Pennsylvania Bar Association Intellectual Property Newsletter 1 (Winter 1998): 3 (of which I was editor); republished in the Federalist Society’s Intellectual Property Practice Group Newsletter, 3, no. 3 (Winter 2000). [↩]
7. See, e.g., my talks at Federalist Society sponsored events: KOL253 | Berkeley Law Federalist Society: A Libertarian’s Case Against Intellectual PropertyKOL235 | Intellectual Property: A First Principles Debate (Federalist Society POLICYbrief); KOL079 | “Federalist Society IP Debate (Ohio State)” (2011); KOL253 | Berkeley Law Federalist Society: A Libertarian’s Case Against Intellectual Property. See also my posts More defenses of IP by the Federalist Society (July 29, 2013); Anti-IP Material Needed in the IP Section of the Federalist Society’s “Conservative & Libertarian Legal Scholarship: Annotated Bibliography” (Oct. 29, 2012); James Stern: Is Intellectual Property Actually Property? [Federalist Society No. 86 LECTURE] (Sep. 17, 2022). [↩]
8. LewRockwell.com (Sep. 4, 2000). [↩]
9. Mises Daily (Nov. 17, 2009). [↩]
10. Another summary piece, which I omit from this collection due to redundancy with this piece and the next chapter, is “How Intellectual Property Hampers the Free Market,” The Freeman (June 2011), republished as “How to Slow Economic Progress,” Mises Daily (June 1, 2011). [↩]
11. Mises Daily (Nov. 23, 2010). [↩]
12. “KOL054 | “Ideas are Free: The Case Against Intellectual Property: or, How Libertarians Went Wrong” (2010, Property and Freedom Society)” and “PFP064 | Stephan Kinsella, Ideas are Free: The Case Against Intellectual Property Rights (PFS 2010).” I discuss the conference in my post “Bodrum Days and Nights: The Fifth Annual Meeting of the Property and Freedom Society: A Partial Report.” I also participated in a Q&A Discussion Panel featuring “Hoppe, van Dun, DiLorenzo, Kinsella, Daniels, Kealey”: see “PFP066 | Hoppe, Kinsella, Kealey, Van Dun, Daniels, DiLorenzo, Discussion, Q&A (PFS 2010).” [↩]
13. Kinsella, “The Case Against Intellectual Property,” in Handbook of the Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics (Prof. Dr. Christoph Lütge, ed.; Springer, 2013) (chapter 68, in Part 18, “Property Rights: Material and Intellectual,” Robert McGee, section ed.), as this piece was a slightly more recent and streamlined version of AIP. [↩]
14. Originally published in Libertarian Papers 5, no. 1 (2013): 1–44; an updated version of which is included in LFFS. [↩]
15. The publication history is detailed at Kinsella, “Kinsella, ‘Law and Intellectual Property in a Stateless Society,’” C4SIF Blog (March 1, 2013). [↩]
16. Originally published in Mises Daily (Aug. 25, 2010); an updated version of which is included in LFFS. [↩]
17. For some of Tucker’s writings related to IP, see, e.g., “Ideas, Free and Unfree,” and other chapters in the “Can Ideas Be Owned?” section of It’s a Jetsons World: Private Miracles & Public Crimes (Auburn, Ala.: Mises Institute, 2011; https://mises.org/library/its-jetsons-world-private-miracles-and-public-crimes) (chaps. 37–41); several chapters in the “Technology” section of Bourbon for Breakfast: Living Outside the Statist Quo (Auburn, Ala.: Mises Institute, 2010; https://mises.org/library/bourbon-breakfast); various chapters in Liberty.me: Freedom Is a Do-It-Yourself Project (Liberty.me, 2014; https://perma.cc/LWV2-UNJM); and various other articles, such as “Germany and Its Industrial Rise: Due to No Copyright,” Mises Economics Blog (Aug. 18, 2010); and “Eternal Copyright,” C4SIF Blog (Feb. 21, 2012). [↩]
18. Originally published in The Libertarian Standard (Oct. 25, 2022); an updated version of which is included in LFFS. [↩]
19. Kinsella, “KOL395 | Selling Does Not Imply Ownership, and Vice-Versa: A Dissection (PFS 2022),” Kinsella on Liberty Podcast (Sept. 17, 2022). [↩]
20. See Kinsella, “KOL004 | Interview with Walter Block on Voluntary Slavery and Inalienability,” Kinsella on Liberty Podcast (Jan. 27, 2013). [↩]
21. Walter Block, “Rejoinder to Kinsella on ownership and the voluntary slave contract,” Management Education Science Technology Journal (MESTE) 11, no. 1 (Jan. 2023; https://perma.cc/H3AL-WBQJ): 1-8. [↩]
22. Some of this material is also discussed in ch. 7, Part IV.G. [↩]
23. Stephan Kinsella, “Introduction,” in J. Neil Schulman, Origitent: Why Original Content is Property (Steve Heller Publishing, 2018; https://perma.cc/2E6G-WWPE), an updated version of which is included in LFFS. For related and background material, see Kinsella, “On J. Neil Schulman’s Logorights,” Mises Economics Blog (July 2, 2009); and “Conversation with Schulman about Logorights and Media-Carried Property” (ch. 11). [↩]
24. See Kinsella, “On J. Neil Schulman’s Logorights,” Mises Economics Blog (July 2, 2009); idem, “KOL208 | Conversation with Schulman about Logorights and Media-Carried Property.” Neil passed away in 2019. See Kinsella, “J. Neil Schulman, R.I.P.,” StephanKinsella.com (Aug. 10, 2019). [↩]
25. In Schulman, Origitent; an updated version of which is included in LFFS. [↩]
26. See Kinsella, “KOL208 | Conversation with Schulman about Logorights and Media-Carried Property,” which was transcribed by Rosemary Denshaw and edited for clarity for Schulman for his book. [↩]
27. The Libertarian Standard, Jan. 19, 2011; also published as “Intellectual Freedom and Learning Versus Patent and Copyright,” Economic Notes No. 113 (Libertarian Alliance, Jan. 18, 2011). This article was based on this speech: “KOL062 | “Intellectual Freedom and Learning versus Patent and Copyright” (2010).”  [↩]
28. Kinsella, “Defamation Law and Reputation Rights as a Type of Intellectual Property,” in Elvira Nica & Gheorghe H. Popescu, eds., A Passion for Justice: Essays in Honor of Walter Block (New York: Addleton Academic Publishers, forthcoming 2024). [↩]
29. C4SIF Blog (April 1, 2011). [↩]
30. C4SIF Blog (April 13, 2011). [↩]
31. C4SIF Blog (Oct. 6, 2015). [↩]
32. I call out various libertarian groups for their weak stances on IP in various posts, e.g. More defenses of IP by the Federalist Society (July 29, 2013); Anti-IP Material Needed in the IP Section of the Federalist Society’s “Conservative & Libertarian Legal Scholarship: Annotated Bibliography” (Oct. 29, 2012); James Stern: Is Intellectual Property Actually Property? [Federalist Society No. 86 LECTURE] (Sep. 17, 2022); Independent Institute on The “Benefits” of Intellectual Property Protection (ch. 23);  Shughart’s Defense of IP (Jan. 29, 2010); Disinvited From Cato (Aug. 7, 2016); Cato on IP (Jan. 30, 2023); Cato vs. Public Citizen on IP and the TPP (Jan. 20, 2014); Cato Tugs Stray Back Onto the Reservation; Epstein on reimportation (July 29, 2003). [↩]
33. Mises Daily (Mar. 7, 2005). [↩]
34. See also “The Forgotten Costs of the Patent System” (Dec. 6, 2010); “Costs of the Patent System Revisited” (Sep. 29, 2010); What are the Costs of the Patent System? (Sep. 27, 2007). See also ch. 19. [↩]
35. Mises Daily (Oct. 1, 2009). [↩]
36. Mises Daily (Jan. 10, 2010). [↩]
37. See also “The Forgotten Costs of the Patent System” (Dec. 6, 2010); “Costs of the Patent System Revisited” (Sep. 29, 2010); What are the Costs of the Patent System? (Sep. 27, 2007). [↩]
38. C4SIF Blog (Oct. 23, 2012). [↩]
39. C4SIF Blog (Oct. 23, 2012). [↩]
40. StephanKinsella.com (Feb. 3, 2010). [↩]
41. C4SIF Blog (Dec. 10, 2010). [↩]
42. C4SIF Blog (Feb 16, 2016). [↩]
43. See also references in the note to ch. 16. [↩]
44. C4SIF Blog (Jan. 3, 2013). [↩]
45. See also a similar stunt I pulled in “Russell Madden’s ‘The Death Throes of Pro-IP Libertarianism,’” (July 29, 2010). [↩]
46. C4SIF Blog, (June 23, 2011). [↩]
47. StephanKinsella.com (Jan. 6, 2010). [↩]
48. StephanKinsella.com (Dec. 26, 2016). [↩]
49. The Daily Bell (March 18, 2012). [↩]
50. StephanKinsella.com (Oct. 12, 2018). [↩]
51. C4SIF Blog (April 13, 2013). [↩]
52. KOL037 | Locke’s Big Mistake: How the Labor Theory of Property Ruined Political Theory (March 28, 2013). [↩]
53. StephanKinsella.com (April 25, 2021). [↩]
54.  KOL236 | Intellectual Nonsense: Fallacious Arguments for IP (Libertopia 2012) (Feb. 10, 2018) and KOL237 | Intellectual Nonsense: Fallacious Arguments for IP—Part 2 (Libertopia 2012) (Feb. 12, 2018). [↩]
55.  StephanKinsella.com (Nov. 24, 2021). [↩]
56. See KOL369 | Soho Forum IP Debate Post-Mortem with Greg Morin. [↩]
57.  StephanKinsella.com (June 5, 2021). [↩]
58. StephanKinsella.com (Dec. 11, 2013). [↩]
59. My Liberty.met seminar discussion of these topics  is available at “KOL159 | Seminar: “Practical Solutions to the IP Trap” (Oct. 24, 2014). [↩]
60. Kinsella, “Examples of Ways Content Creators Can Profit Without Intellectual Property,” StephanKinsella.com (July 28, 2010). See also idem, “Conversation with an author about copyright and publishing in a free society,” C4SIF.org (Jan. 23, 2012); idem, “Innovations that Thrive Without IP,” StephanKinsella.com (Aug. 9, 2010). [↩]
61. Mises Daily (July 28, 2010). [↩]
62. See also “Classical Liberals and Anarchists on Intellectual Property,” ch. 16; “An Objectivist Recants on IP” (Dec. 4, 2009); “Yet another Randian recants on IP” (Feb. 1, 2012); “Letter from a UK Grad Student” (Feb. 10, 2012). [↩]
63. Kinsella on Liberty Podcast (Feb. 14, 2015). [↩]